Monitoring of the Mean Right and Left Atrial Pressure in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Pulmonary Vein Isolation

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Background: No studies have explored the characteristics of the mean right atrial (RA) and left atrial (LA) pressure in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) or chronic atrial fibrillation (CAF). We monitored the mean RA and LA pressure in patients with AF before and after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Methods: This study included 165 consecutive patients with AF (PAF; n=115, CAF; n=50) that underwent PVI. The mean RA and LA pressure were measured before and after ablation. Results: The patients with CAF had the higher mean LA pressure than that of PAF patients before PVI (13±6 vs. 11±5 mmHg, p<0.05). Moreover, the patients with CAF had the higher mean RA and LA pressure than that of PAF patients after PVI (RA: 9±4 vs. 7±4 mmHg, p<0.05, LA: 14±6 vs. 11±5 mmHg, p<0.05). Three cardiac tamponade occurred in PAF patients during PVI procedure, and 1 congestive heart failure (CHF) occurred in CAF patients after the procedure. These four patients had higher RA and LA pressure after the procedure, compared with those of before procedure. Pericardial drainage reduced the RA pressure. Conclusion: The monitoring of RA and LA pressure can be detected the complication of cardiac tamponade and tendency of CHF at the early stage.