Histological Evaluation of Alveolar Bone Ridge for Dental Implant Placement Using a Nondecalcified Frozen Section Technique

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Dental implant therapy has been established as an excellent therapeutic method for the recovery of masticatory function. However, no reports to date have undertaken detailed analyses of jaw bone quality using bone biopsy despite the large impact that jaw bone quality at the implant placement sites has on the prognosis of implant therapy. This study histologically examined jaw bone quality at implant placement sites using nondecalcified frozen sections. We also compared bone quality with attenuation (measured in Hounsfield units (HU)) on computed tomography (CT). Bone quality was highest around the anterior mandibular (67.25%), followed by the anterior maxillary (60.23%), mandibular molars (55.14%) and maxillary molars (44.81%). No statistical correlation with CT attenuation was evident (mean, 540.91 HU). These results suggested that consideration needs to be given to histological diagnosis as well as CT attenuation in clinical evaluations of bone where implant bodies should be placed.