Pollinosis with PM2.5 dust and yellow sand dispersal: How to treat the trifecta of distress

Abstract

In recent years, extremely high levels of PM2.5 dust and yellow sand have been observed during high-pollen-count seasons in northern Kyushu. Previous reports have noted that airway allergy symptoms can be exacerbated due to PM2.5 dust and yellow sand. For example, high levels of yellow sand increase the risk of hospitalization for asthma, and increased PM2.5 dust levels were shown to exacerbate symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. How can we then survive this trifecta of cedar and cypress pollen, PM2.5 dust and yellow sand? First, avoiding exposure to pollen, PM2.5 dust and yellow sand absolutely reduces allergic symptoms. Therefore, it is important for patients to seek out information on PM2.5 dust and yellow sand levels themselves and avoid exposure to these agents. Furthermore, seeking proper medical treatment after taking preventive measures is crucial for combatting this trifecta. We herein report approaches to treating pollinosis with a focus on pharmacotherapy during seasons of high levels of PM2.5 dust and yellow sand.