A case of immune-related adverse event myositis with dysphagia as the initial symptom

Abstract

In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been widely used in cancer treatment, but various types of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) can be caused by ICIs, so it is necessary to be alert for such side effects. Among potential irAEs, neuromuscular-related adverse events are characterized by a range of symptoms and can be difficult to diagnose. We herein report a case of irAE myositis with dysphagia as the initial symptom. Although steroid treatment was started, the patient was referred due to symptoms such as no improvement in mild aspiration, and a dysphagia evaluation and multidisciplinary dysphagia rehabilitation were continued under the leadership of an otolaryngologist. The dysphagia gradually improved, and the patient was eventually able to advance to the next chemotherapy line. An early evaluation of the swallowing function and its rehabilitation are considered important for improving the general condition and prognosis of patients with irAE myositis caused by ICIs.