Abstract
We devised L type ceramics (artificial ceramic ossicle) as the replacement material for the absence of the long process of the incus. The L type ceramics has a form in which two handles of the ceramic PORP are cut and connected at a with right angle. The greatest merit of this ceramics is that it can be safely and surely inserted in the end of the long process of the incus and the head of the stapes. We used the L type ceramics material in one case and obtained good results. Moreover, we summarized the previously develpoed reconstruction methods for the absence of the long process of the incus and described the merits and demerits of each of these methods while also comparing them to our newly developed L type ceramics.
