運動誘発性喉頭閉塞症（Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction: EILO）

抄録

Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) refers to airway dysfunction that develops during high-intensity exercise in young athletes, manifesting as inspiratory dyspnea and stridor. The symptoms of EILO mimic those of asthma and hyperventilation, which sometimes co-exist with EILO.

The clinical feature of EILO has been revealed a laryngeal collapse caused by a high inspiratory airflow velocity observed using continuous laryngoscopy during exercise (CLE), as the gold standard test for the diagnosis. Resting laryngoscopy in these subjects usually reveals no abnormalities. During CLE, the laryngeal obstruction arises from a supraglottic lesion, followed by glottic fold adduction. EILO has been classified into two subtypes: the supraglottic type and the glottic type. In the supraglottic type, the obstruction is caused by medial rotation of the ary-epiglottic folds, while in the glottic type, it is caused by adduction of the vocal folds. Biofeedback for respiratory education, abdominal/diaphragmatic breathing, and surgical procedures have been used as therapeutic interventions for EILO. Surgery is indicated in cases with moderate or severe supraglottic type of EILO.

In this review, we describe the prevalence of EILO, the diagnostic approaches, and the current therapeutic interventions, including in our cases.