モデル動物を用いた鼻過敏症病態の研究

―交感神経系の役割について―

抄録

The effect of sympathetic denervation on nasal hyperreactivity was studied in guinea pigs sensitized by the nasal application of TDI (toluene diisocyanate). Signs and symptoms of nasal hyperreactivity were noted, and histamine assays and histological examination of the nasal mucosa were performed.
In TDI-sensitized guinea pigs the histological appearance of the nasal mucosa suggested type I allergy, but the effect of TDI on the nose as an irritant or its effect on the autonomic nervous system could not be excluded. Unilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy performed before sensitization led to more severe sensitization than in the control group. However, ganglionectomy performed after sensitization resulted in less severe sensitization than in the control group; ganglionectomy had no influence on the histamine content or the histological changes in the nasal mucosa of sensitized guinea pigs 6 weeks after operation.
It was assumed that guinea pigs with nasal hyperreactivity had abnormal autonomic nervous function. We concluded that correction of the abnormality of autonomic regulation in the nose by sympathetic denervation inhibited the nasal hyperreactive symptoms. These experimental results suggest that stellate ganglion block may be effective therapy for nasal hyperreactivity.