国際開発研究
Online ISSN : 2434-5296
Print ISSN : 1342-3045
研究ノート
日本の「経験」とODAアプローチの再検討―主権の二重性の観点から
宇田川 光弘
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ジャーナル フリー

2011 年 20 巻 1 号 p. 1-14

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The debt problem of the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCs) led to the re-evaluation of international approach to foreign aid at the turn of the century. Although there have been much criticism to the western development approach, based on the so-called “Washington Consensus” , there has been rare criticism to the philosophical base of Japan's ODA approach, which helped Japan to achieve the status of the largest creditor to the HIPCs.

There is a persistent argument that the philosophy of Japan's ODA reflects its experience of economic development after World War II. However, having considered the fact that Japan had already achieved national integration and entered into international society at the beginning of the twentieth century, whereas African countries, so called “quasi states” , were struggling to achieve national integration after de-colonisation, it is questionable whether Japan's remarkable economic growth in the post-war period can be a model for the development of the Third World countries. The problem of dual sovereignty was neglected here, and the fact is that Japan's ODA approach, which relied on yen loan, is not the product of carefully reflected policies, but a result of its financial constraint and a response to the international calls for Japan's aid expansion, although it is undeniable that there are some similarities between Japan's post-war economic growth and its aid approach.

It is erroneous to consider that Japan's post-war experience can be applied to developing countries without any reservations. Japan's experiences range from social (education, health, etc.) to political and economic spheres, and it is necessary to re-examine the various experiences in many sectors of Japan since its modernization. By doing so, Japan can contribute to the intellectual evolution of international development ideas.

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© 2011 国際開発学会
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