中国の石炭工業 (II)

抄録

Coal reserves are abundant in China.Coal deposits range in various geologic ages and are widely distributed throughout the country.The ranks and quality of coal in China meet the demand of national economy and people's livelihood.In accordance with the basic circumstances of energy resources coal remains predominant in the country's energy supply.Therefore development of coal deposits with better technoeconomic coditions and construction of large coal basins are necessary;and on the other hand coal conservation and raise of coal ues efficiency are essential.All provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions have undertaken the management of coal mines.The annual coal output of China ranks third in the world.At present China is in a position to design, construct and equip large coal mines with annual capacity over 3 mllion tons all by herself ; mechanized shaft sinking and drifting, specialized methods of excavation such as freezing, drop shaft sinking and shaft drilling, fully mechanized longwalling and hydraulic mining have been applied in production and construction.Foundation has been laid in the area of surface mining, but production is still on a small scale.Development of large surface coal basins is carrying out now.The capacity of coal processing and utilization does not match with the scale of production and development.In the future the scope of coal processing and utilization needs to be enlarged, especially the coal preparation capacity have to be increased.Meanwhile adaptable technical approaches for coal processing and utilization have to be developed in order to improve the coal use efficiency.