This research relates to voltage variations characteristics in a system that includes non-liner load. The research has been conducted in the following sequence. Firstly, When main voltage is varied, Fourier series are developed on voltage and current waveforms at each element of lag type operating circuit for high pressure mercury discharge lamp, then using the Fourier expansion, the each harmonic character at each element of the operating circuit is obtained theoretically, and at the same time experiment is performed. The following are derived from the results of the research.
(1) From the voltage and current of distorted wave at each element of the operating circuit, the impedance (and its resistance and reactance component) is obtained for each harmonic, and their characteristics are clarified.
(2) From the voltage and current of distorted wave at each element of the operating circuit, the vector diagram is obtained for each harmonic, and their characteristics are clarified.
(3) From the voltage and current of distorted wave at each element of the operating circuit, the equivalent circuit is obtained for each harmonic, and their characteristics are clarified.