抄録
This paper aims to follow the ideas and trends in postwar American educational reforms while evaluating the recent Obama administration’s educational policies. It also simultaneously reviews “A Blueprint for Reform”, which was officially published by the Obama administration in March 2010 and the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) that was enacted in December 2015.
The Race to the Top initiative, officially announced by the Obama administration in July 2009, went further than the No Child Left Behind Act in strengthening the federal government’s initiatives in all states and imposing strict sanctions. To understand the Obama administration’s educational policies, this paper reviews not only President Obama but also the Obama administration’s brain trust and the content of support provided to it by business foundations.
Furthermore, this paper also examines the priorities outlined by “A Blueprint for Reform” and notes the removal of Adequate Yearly Progress and sanctions. The ESSA did not authorize the federal government to intervene in schools with declining academic performance and respected state-level autonomy. Nevertheless, this act clearly indicated the continuation of the same test policies, and it was concluded that the academic testing policies of the United States had not undergone any changes.
