The aspect of social techniques in landscape architectural planning

Abstract

Although a landscape architect is primarily concerned with the planning of physical environment, he can not possibly escape from dealing with his clients. He needs, therefore, some techniques which have much to do with the planning of social environment.
Ronald Lippitt and others have proposed a theory which identifies seven phases in the process of planned change of social environment, emphasizing the relationship between change agents and client systems. These phases seem to be useful not only for the purposes of systematic analysis but also for the practical purposes of professional change agents who want to choose appropriate social techniques in each different step of planning.
It is believed that this general theory of planned change is worth examining as to its applicability to the planning of landscape architecture.