庭園の背後思想と構成に関する研究 (XI)

夢窓国師と永保寺庭園の構成について (その1)

抄録

Introduction
The End and Means of This Study
The end of this study is to [theoretically] expound teh conception and expression of the gardening in the Eiho-ji temple on Mt. Kokei through the Muchumondo (Questions and Answers in the Absolute Dream) by Muso-kokushi.
In the Muchu-mondo Muso-kokushi says that gardening is an expedient sermon that concretely shows the Buddha-mind, free from words and phrases or special transmission outside of the Buddha's. teachings; that none but those who through zazen realize the identity of self and others or find the all-creating source in the changes of the four seasons can appreciate the core of mountains, water, trees and springs [in the garden]; and that gardening leads a practitioner to the intuitive realization of his original Buddha-nature and the salvation of sentient beings...the ultimate end of Buddhism.
The realm of enlightenment, the primary meaning of Zen, has ever been expounded intuitively and and directly. In this case, words and phrases are always connected with truth. They utter the words “freedom from words and phrases” for fe ar that excessive theoretical dispute should bring truth to nothing, just as ivy and vine mantle a big tree to its death. But the garden of a Zen monastery is a means by which we can give up the attachment to words and phrases and attain the ultimate reality.
Muso-kokushi further says that a talk about the conception and expression of the gardening is against the original meaning of Zen. To expound theoretically, therefore, the conception and expression of it, we need a practical and intuitive realization. In this case, it is by a scientic strictness throngh historical materials that we can exactly certify subjective and intuitive realization [of truth]. Consequently, through visionary intuition and historical materials, I am going to expound [theoretically] the conception and expression of the gardening in the Eiho-ji temple on Mt. Kokei.
Zen is, as mentioned above, beyound words and phrases. But, on the other hand, they have hitherto made, happy to say, the most earnest efforts to express their realm of enlightenment through the versified comments, Zen literature or Zen paintings. If we study the garden of a Zen monastery from this original viewpoint of Zen, we shall find that the allotment of land, the structure of stones, or plantations represent their true merits beyond words and phrases. This forms the most pertinent index to the process of this study.
The Summary of the Garden of the Eiho-ji Temple
The subject of this garden shows the long atrict practice after enlightenment...the fundamental thought of Rinzai-Zen based on the Rinzai-roku...by Muso-kokushi, founder of the Kokei-an; the conception of it shows the thorough realization of his true Self through zanen stemming from the Rozan-ki (A Guide of Lu-shan); the structure ex-presses the realm of the original enlightenment based on the Shodo-ka (The Song of Enlightenment) by Yoka-daishi. This is the garden of the Rinzai Zen monastery where we walk about trees and springs.