Abstract
This paper assessed the development of consumer citizenship in Japanese junior high school civics in social studies classes, from a viewpoint based on efficiency and equity. Economic, social, and consumer affairs were analyzed based on measures of efficiency and equity, according to the government’s 2008 course of study for social studies. The results indicated that it is important for consumer citizens to understand and discuss societal problems while incorporating the values of efficiency and equity, and when taking actions that will lead to a fair and sustainable society.
