Studies on Insecticide Resistance in Apple Orchard Insects
I. On the Influence of Acaricide Applications on Panonychus ulmi (KOCH) and Some Other Insects
1964 Volume 8 Issue 3 Pages 191-202
Details
1964 Volume 8 Issue 3 Pages 191-202
Resistance problems of the injurious insect pests of fruits are becoming more serious in recent years because of the mass-application of insecticides and acaricides. This paper reported, in relation to development of acaricide resistance, the results of acaricide application on apple orchards for controling the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (KOCH), during four seasons from 1959 to 1962.
1. Tedion (2, 4, 4', 5-tetrachlorodiphenyl sulfone), first used in 1959, was highly effective against the mite, on these test field. Two seasons after, however, the tedion resistance in the mite developed as high as 61 times in LC-50 as compared with a non-resistant population.
2. Slight resistance against Miteran (Sappiran 25 per cent and DMC 25 per cent) and Sappiran (p-chlorophenyl-p-chlorobenzene sulfonate) developed as a result of application in the field. Also a lot of the San Jóse scale and the mulberry scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona TARGIONI occurred in the test field.
3. Resistance to Phenkapton (o, o-diethyl-s-(2, 5-dichlorophyenyl mercapt methyl) dithiophosphate) was found from the first season in the test, but it seemed to be cross-resistance to Parathion which had been sprayed several times before the test as initiated.
4. Kelthane (1, 1-bis (p-chlorophenyl) 2, 2, 2-trichloroethanol) and Akar (ethyl 4, 4-dichloroben-zilate) were both effective against the mites which selected with either Tedion, Miteran, Sappiran or Phenkapton.
5. Phenkapton-resistant mites were most effectively controlled with Pestan (ethyl-n-(diethyl-dithiophosphoryl acethyl)-n-methyl carbamate) and Metasystox (o, o-dimethyl o-2-ethylmercapto-ethylthionophosphate).
