Flavonoid Glycosides from Leaves of Aucuba japonica and Helwingia japonica (Cornaceae) ： Phytochemical Relationship with the Genus Cornus

Abstract

Seven flavonol and eleven flavone glycosides were isolated from the leaves of Aucuba japonica including var. borealis and Helwingia japonica including subsp. liukiuensis, respectively. They were identified or partially characterized as quercetin 3,7-di-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-sambubioside, quercetin 7-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-xyloside-7-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-xyloside-7-O-xylosylglucoside, kaempferol 3-O-xylosylglucoside, kaempferol 3-O-xyloside-7-O-glucoside (from Aucuba japonica), apigenin 7-O-glucoside, apigenin 7-O-diglucoside, apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside, apigenin 7-O-xylosylglucoside, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, luteolin 7-O-diglucoside, luteolin 7-O-neohesperidoside, luteolin 7-O-xylosylglucoside, 6,8-di-C-glycosylapigenin, 6,8-di-C-glycosylluteolin and vitexin (from Helwingia japonica) by PC, FAB-MS, ¹H- and ¹³H-NMR etc. The flavonoid characters were chemotaxonomically compared among Aucuba, Helwingia and Cornus. As the results, it was shown that Helwingia keeps aloof from Cornus and Aucuba.