Abstract
During the Edo Period, Chinese medicine was developed into Japan's own Kampo medicine. Treatment in the Edo Period was provided with prescription and medications based on Chinese herbal medicine. However, these drugs were only used for symptomatic treatment. In the late Edo Period, Dutch medicine was introduced, and expanded the options for treating illness and injury. In addition, vaccination against smallpox was introduced to Japan, finally opening the door to the prevention of infectious diseases. However, the mechanism of disease pathogenesis was not understood. And there were no effective remedies for some diseases such as gout and beriberi, and people often relied on charms or folk medicines.
