Abstract
Two chiasmodontid specimens (110.2–232.0 mm in standard length), collected off Shikoku, Japan, represent the first records of Kali colubrina Melo 2008 from Japanese waters, being distinguished from six congeneric species by the combination of a unique dentition pattern (two rows of recurved caniniform teeth on the premaxilla and dentary, not developed as fangs, 12–22 lateral and 5–9 mesial teeth on the premaxilla, 8–18 lateral and 5–10 mesial teeth on the dentary, mesial teeth larger than adjacent lateral teeth), 23–26 second dorsal-fin rays, 23–25 anal-fin rays and 39–41 vertebrae. The new Japanese name “Jaguchi-bouzugisu” is proposed for the species.
