Abstract
The ophidiid genus Glyptophidium is revised on the basis of 280 specimens. The seven recognized species fall into two well-defined species-groups: I. argenteum species-group with argenteum Alcock, 1889, effulgens sp.nov. and lucidum Smith et Radcliffe, 1913 is characterized i.a. by having 1 ray in each ventral fin, 1 median basibranchial tooth patch, 11 precaudal vertebrae, origin of dorsal fin above vertebrae nos. 3-4. II. macropus species-group with macropus Alcock, 1894 (lectotype selected), longipes Norman, 1939, oceanium Smith et Radcliffe, 1913 and japonicum Kamohara, 1936 (re-established and neotype described) is characterized i.a. by having 2 rays in each ventral fin, 2 median basibranchial tooth patches, 12-13 precaudal vertebrae, origin of dorsal fin above vertebra no. 1 or in front.
