Clinico-statistical analysis of maxillary neoplasms

Comparison of upper gum, maxillary sinus and hard palate

Abstract

A retrospective analysis of 130 cases of maxillary neoplasms including upper gum, hard palate and maxillary sinus was performed at the Second Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Tokyo Medical and Dental University during the period from 1975 to 1987.
The age of the patients ranged from 9 to 86 years, and the mean age for patients with upper gum, hard palate and maxillary sinus carcinomas was 57.7, 56.6 and 57.9 years respectively. The male to female ratio of maxillary neoplasm was 1.45:1 but that of hard palate was 0.82:1 showing a female predominance.
The histopathological classification was as follows: 116 cases (89.2%) of squamous cell carcinoma, 6 cases (4.6%) of malignant melanoma, 3 cases (2.3%) of sarcoma, 3 cases (2.3%) of malignant fibrous histiocytoma and 2 cases (1.5%) of malignant lymphoma. In the three regions examined, approximately 80% of upper gum and maxillary sinus carcinomas were of squamous cell carcinoma, but various types were included in the cases of hard palate carcinoma.
The location and the size of tumor were determined from the physical and radiological findings and described according to the UICC 1987 staging system. In the upper gum alai hard palate the majority were T2 or T4 tumors, on the contrary in the maxillary sinus, the majority were T3 or T4 tumors. The most patients of upper guru and hard palate carcinomas received a surgical treatment only, but in the case of maxillary sinus carcinoma patients were mainly treated with trimodal combination therapy (surgry+radiation+intraarterial infusion). The 5-years cumulative survival rate for each region of hard palate, upper gum and maxillary sinus was 78%, 60.9% and 34.7% respectively. The initial local tumor control rate for each region was also high in the hard palate and upper gum as 76.4% and 71.7% respectively, whereas rather low in the maxillary sinus as 44.7%. Therefore, this local tumor control rate may influence the survival rate.