The Japanese Journal of Pediatric Hematology
Online ISSN : 1884-4723
Print ISSN : 0913-8706
ISSN-L : 0913-8706
Application of Triple-Color Flow Cytometry to Detect Minimal Residual Disease in CD45-Negative Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Tong-Xin CHENYoshihiro KOMADAXao-Li ZHANGHiroto INABATakao DEGUCHIEiichi AZUMAMinoru SAKURAI
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1998 Volume 12 Issue 5 Pages 336-345

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Abstract
We report the clinical usefulness of a sensitive triple-color flow cytometric assay (FCM) to detect residual leukemic cells. For this study, 23 cases of CD45-negative B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were included, because the absence of CD45 expression provided a marker for the leukemic cells in addition to the positive expression of CD 10 and CD22 antigens. Leukemic cells in patients' bone marrow (BM) consistently showed CD 10+/CD22+/CD45- or dim phenotype. FCM analysis could detect leukemic cells at a level of 1 per 104 cells. The CD 10+/CD22+/CD45- or dim cell population was absent in normal BM, regenerating BM, and BM collected from leukemic patients in long-term complete remission. This assay could identify residual leukemic cells up to 50 days after starting induction chemotherapy. Furthermore, a gradual increase of leukemic cell population could be monitored by this assay before morphological confirmation of BM relapse. Taken together, a triple-color FCM was a sensitive method of detecting leukemic cells in BM. This assay could be an additional component of testing to monitor MRD in ALL patients.
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