保険薬局における薬剤師の調剤エラー頻度と性格特性に関するアンケート調査の解析

抄録

Most dispensing errors are derived from human error and personality is considered one of the internal factors of such error. This study aimed to reveal the relation between error frequency and personality traits. A questionnaire survey was performed for pharmacists belonging to Ain Pharmaciez in Hokkaido from May to June in 2011. The questionnaire consisted of 20 items which were mainly supposed to reflect the 7 hypothetical personality traits based on previous studies and reports of the Pharmacy Risk Error Management System (PREM-S). The answers were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation, Mann-Whitney's U-test, factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). We obtained 156 answers. As a result of factor analyses, four factors such as “timidity”, “lack of self-control”, “lack of safety awareness”, and “distraction” were extracted from 12 items relating to personality traits. The analysis of SEM showed that “distraction” caused error frequency was affected by other factors, particularly by “timidity” whose total effect on “distraction” was 0.61. In addition to this, it was affected by external factors of patients and colleagues. The coefficient of determination (R²) of error frequency was 0.25. These results show that personality traits contribute to error frequency at a rate of 25% and it is necessary to improve external factors for the prevention of errors.