Difficulties Encountered by Children of a Parent with Mental Illness

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to outline the challenges encountered by children of a parent with mental illness and elucidate the characteristics of those difficulties by age groups.

Methods: We conducted semistructured interviews with 10 adults who, as children, had a mentally ill parent and categorized data using qualitative descriptive methods.

Results: Challenges experienced by children at all stages in life were as follows: “a life with repeated exposure to incomprehensible manifestations of mental illness”; “emotional instability dominated by parental behavior”; “the hardship of lacking compassionate friends and a place to feel safe”; and “being forced to suffer patiently without support from their surroundings.” Notably, the period from late childhood through puberty was a “bitter existence without any help,” and post-adolescence life was “a living hell with the conscious awareness of obstacles to post-adolescent growth.”

Conclusions: As children, the interviewees encountered mental and practical challenges in daily life, both inside and outside their home. Needs of these children include help in comprehending the illness, managing their daily lives, developing relationships and emotional support, and additional support starting at adolescence. Furthermore, public awareness activities about mental illness are warranted.