Abstract
Tow sap-transmissible elongated viruses from garlic plants were described and named garlic latent virus (GLV) and garlic mosaic virus (GMV) based on the symptoms produced in infected garlic plants. These names were given anew to avoid the existing and unresolved confusions on the nomenclature of garlic viruses. Garlic plants inoculated with GLV produced no visible symptoms, whereas infected broad beans produced systemic necrotic spots. Chenopodium amaranticolor and C. quinoa, and Tetragonia expansa infected with GLV produced local necrotic and chlorotic lesions, respectively. Particles of GLV were flexuous rods, 650-700nm long, and existed either randomly or as small aggregates in the cytoplasm of the infected plant cells. GLV has a thermal inactivation point between 55 and 60C, dilution end point of 10-4-10-5 and longevity in vitro of 2-4 days. No serological relationships were found between GLV and GMV, carnation latent virus or chrysanthemum virus B. Symptoms due to the infection of GMV was mosaic in garlic plants, and local necrotic lesions in Gomphrena globosa, whereas latent infection was detected in the inoculated leaves of C. amaranticoler, C. quinoa and T. expansa. Particles of GMV were flexuous rods about 750nm long. Pinwheel-type cytoplasmic inclusions were found in the infected garlic plant cells. Mixed infection of GLV and GMV were found in most of the garlic plants showing mosaic symptoms collected from various parts of Japan, although only GMV was detected in a few varieties.
