Internal-External Locus of Controlに関する研究 “価値”に対する認知型

次良丸 睦子

doi:10.4992/jjpsy.46.272

A STUDY OF INTERNAL-EXTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL

COGNITIVE PATTERN TOWARD “VALUE”

MUTSUKO JIROUMARU

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1975 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 272-280

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.46.272

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Published: January 31, 1976 Received: July 01, 1975 Available on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: July 16, 2010 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : “Internal-External Control of reinforcement” is a concept that has developed from Rotter's Social Learning Theory (Rotter 1966). It is a “generalized expectancy” which is regarded as a continuum of differences which exist in different needs of the individuals. According to Rotter's viewpoint, when reinforcement is perceived as the result of luck, chance, fate and as under the control of powerful others, a person is labeled as having a belief in External Control, in terms of the expectancy to the situation. If the person perceives that the event is contingent upon his own behavior which is relatively permanent characteristic of him, he is labeled as a person whose belief is in Internal Control.
So the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between value systems and the belief in Internal-External Control of the individual, which was a possible decisive factors in the selection of the perceptual fields of them. The relationships between values and Internal-External Controls were sought by administering three kinds of test, the SG Style Value Attitude Test, a test of perception in a laboratory situation and a word association test, respectively, to 35 Internals and 46 Externals.
The major findings are as follows:
(1) The Ss whose beliefs were in Internal Control and were classified as internally oriented (the Internals) tended to choose Theoretical, Social, Political and Physical Values in the SG Value Attitude Test. Those externally oriented (the Externals) tended to choose Aesthetical and Economic Values.
(2) In the laboratory situation, in the experiment on perception, those choice values resulting from the SG Value Attitude Test (that is, that show whether they are Internals or Externals) seemed to be the decisive factors in the selection of perceptual fields, also.
(3) In the above situation, the Internals showed a high cognition threshold to word-stimul; relating to internal locus of control, while the Externals showed a high cognition threshold to word-stimuli relating to external locus of control.
(4) The Internals were likely to respond positively to the stimulus words relating to Internal Control and negatively to those relating to External Control. The Externals showed the counter trend.
According to these findings, it may be concluded that the general component of needs are attached to the goals of the individuals themselves, namely, the choice of locus of control. And values, namely the Need Value systems, seem to be the appropriate concept to be taken into consideration in understanding the cognitive patterns of the individuals.
Right : The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between value systems and the belief in Internal-External Control of the individual. The Ss showing high or low on the Rotter's I-E Scale were given the SG Value Attitude Test, a test of perception and a word association test. Results suggest the following: (a) The Internals (whose belief is in Internal Control) tend to choose Theoretical, Social, Political and Physical Values, while the Externals tend to choose Aesthetical and Economic Values, (b) expectances regarding Internal-External Control are the decisive factors to the selection of perceptual fields, (c) the Internals and the Externals are likely to respond positively to the stimulus words relating to their choices of locus of control, respectively. Accordingly, it is likely that expectancy regarding Internal-External Control, as a personality variable, is an acceptable concept for understanding the cognitive process of the individual.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between value systems and the belief in Internal-External Control of the individual. The Ss showing high or low on the Rotter's I-E Scale were given the SG Value Attitude Test, a test of perception and a word association test. Results suggest the following: (a) The Internals (whose belief is in Internal Control) tend to choose Theoretical, Social, Political and Physical Values, while the Externals tend to choose Aesthetical and Economic Values, (b) expectances regarding Internal-External Control are the decisive factors to the selection of perceptual fields, (c) the Internals and the Externals are likely to respond positively to the stimulus words relating to their choices of locus of control, respectively. Accordingly, it is likely that expectancy regarding Internal-External Control, as a personality variable, is an acceptable concept for understanding the cognitive process of the individual.

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