3, 4点実験と両眼視空間における等質性の検討

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doi:10.4992/jjpsy.47.149

THE 3- AND 4-POINT EXPERIMENTS AND A TEST OF HOMOGENEITY IN BINOCULAR VISUAL SPACE

ATSUKI HIGASHIYAMA

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1976 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 149-157

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.47.149

[Correction] The Japanese Journal of Psychology Vol.47 No.4 (1976) pp.235b-235b

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Published: September 20, 1976 Received: October 20, 1975 Available on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: July 16, 2010 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : Luneburg (1947, 1950) assumed that binocular visual space is a Riemannian space of negative constant curvature. His model contains two personal parameters σ (the degree of depth perception) and K (the curvature of binocular visual space), both of which are necessary for the description of an individual visual space. The present study was designed to estimated these parameters by Luneburg's 3- and 4-point experiments and to examine the variability that was found in the parameter values. The value of σ was eatimated from the data of the 3-point experiment (equations 6 and 9), and the value of K was calculated by using the σ value and the A value in the 4-point experiment (equations 11 and 12).
In Exp. I, a constant size stimulus configuration was employed to perform the 3- and 4-point experiments. With the exception of two cases, all of the values obtained for K were in agreement with Luneburg's prediction that binocular visual space is hyperbolic. This result confirmed the finding of the previous experimental studies.
In Exp. II a, 4-point experiment was carried out for three Os with six different sized stimulus configurations. If the Luneburg model is valid, then the value of A should remain constant independent of the changes in the size of the stimulus configuration (SSC), because A varies only as a function of the convergence angle. As shown in Table 2, however, it is obvious that the A value increased as SSC increased. This finding contradicts the implication of the Luneburg model, and it can be interpreted as the personal parameters being variable in the following ways: (a) The K value may change with SSC, while the σ value is kept constant, (b) σ may vary with SSC, whereas K is constant, (c) both σ and K change with SSC.
In order to determine the most plausible of the three possibilities mentioned above, Exp. II b was designed in which the 3-point experiment was performed for two different sized stimulus configurations. For two of the three Os, the possibility (a) was supported since the σ values estimated from both configurations were almost identical. Therefore, the value of K could be calculated with one appropriate σ value from each value of the As obtained in Exp. II a. Figure 5 shows the variability of K value when SSC was systematically changed. It is clear from Fig. 5 that the value of K inversely related to SSC. For the remaining O, either (b) or (c) might be held. The most adequate possibility cannot be determined as far as Exp. II b is concerned, since the different Os yielded the different possibilities.
The fact that the value of K is inversely related to SSC was discussed referring to the previous investigations and some of the problems: The discrepancy in the estimated values of K between the alley experiment and 3- and 4-point experiments, equidistance tendency (Gogel, 1956, 1965, 1973), and angular separation problem in the traditional size constancy experiment.
Right : The variability of the 2 parameters in the Luneburg model, σ (the degree of depth perception) and K (the curvature of binocular visual space), was examined. The 3-and 4-point experiments were performed to estimate these parameters by using various sized stimulus configurations. For 2 of the Os used, it was found that the value of K was inversely related to the size of stimulus configuration (SSC) while the value of σ was constant. This finding was discussed referring to previous investigations and problems: The discrepancy in the estimated values of K between the alley experiment and 3- and 4-point experiments, equidistance tendency, and angular separation problem in the traditional size constancy experiment.

Abstract

The variability of the 2 parameters in the Luneburg model, σ (the degree of depth perception) and K (the curvature of binocular visual space), was examined. The 3-and 4-point experiments were performed to estimate these parameters by using various sized stimulus configurations. For 2 of the Os used, it was found that the value of K was inversely related to the size of stimulus configuration (SSC) while the value of σ was constant. This finding was discussed referring to previous investigations and problems: The discrepancy in the estimated values of K between the alley experiment and 3- and 4-point experiments, equidistance tendency, and angular separation problem in the traditional size constancy experiment.

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