心理学的ストレスに関する一研究 異なる実験手続によるストレスと作業経過との関係について

望月 享子

doi:10.4992/jjpsy.49.145

A STUDY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS

OBSERVATIONS OF SERIAL PERFORMANCE UNDER THE STRESS INDUCED EXPERIMENTALLY BY DIFFERENT KIND OF PROCEDURES

TAKAKO MOCHIZUKI

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1978 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages 145-151

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.49.145

[Correction] The Japanese Journal of Psychology Vol.49 No.5 (1978) pp.300-300

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Published: September 20, 1978 Received: October 18, 1977 Available on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: July 16, 2010 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : In order to approach the mechanism of performance, Selye's theory of stress may be applied to the following points:
1. Stress does not necessarily imply morbid changes, but the body's adaptive reactions against menacing stimuli.
2. Stress is observed in the process of common (non-specific) changes irrespective of the specific actions of different stressor agents.
3. Manifestations of stress were found in a group of interrelated changes or syndromes.
4. Regardless of stressor agents, changes of stress aid to keep the body's structure and function steady through the counterbalance of adaptation and defense.
The present paper, however, deals with psychological stress, not physiological stress. Stress in a psychological sense of the word here refers to the phases of observations in serial performance under experimentally induced stress.
The present experiments were conducted to approach the following problems:
1. To examine the extent to which common changes are found in serial performance irrespective of the kind of experimental stressor.
2. To delineate a group of indices of stress in the process of changes in serial performance, and examine both the amount of changes and the sensitivity as an index of each stress.
3. To determine whether observations in serial performance can be attributed to a personal feature or manifestations of stress.
Sixty-six students served as subjects. Measurements of serial reaction time, variance in speed of performance, blockings, corrections, errors, omissions and repetitions were made on simple color naming (experimentally non-stress), competitive color naming (stressor, incongruent stimuli) and high-speed color naming (stressor, controlled high-speed).
The major findings are as follows:
1. Common changes in serial performance were observed irrespective of the kind of stressor experimentally prepared. But, in comparison to performances under the two different kindss of stressor, the rate of disorders was higher at competitive color naming than at high-speed color naming in variance and corrections.
2. Blockings, variance in speed of performance, errors and repetitions were found to be relevant changes in stress. Blockings showed constant and comparatively high sensitivity to each kind of experimentally-prepared stressor.
3. Changes of performance in stress were found to show responses magnified by the personal type of performance, irrespective of the kind of stressor. Indices of stress proved to be both manifestations of stress and personal types of performance.
These findings were discussed in terms of Selye's theory of stress, namely from the standpoint of a fight to maintain performance against damage and stressors.
Right : This paper aims to investigate the common changes observed in serial performance irrespective of any stressors experimentally prepared, examining the relations between common changes under stress and personal types of performance. Sixty-six students served as subjects. Measurements of serial reaction time, variance in speed of performance, blockings, corrections, errors, omissions and repetitions were made on simple color naming (experimentally non-stress), competitive color naming (stressor, incongruent stimuli) and high-speed color naming (stressor, controlled high-speed). The results showed that stressors of different kinds induced common changes and the indices of stress implied magnified features of personal types of performance. These findings were discussed in terms of Selye's theory of stress.

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the common changes observed in serial performance irrespective of any stressors experimentally prepared, examining the relations between common changes under stress and personal types of performance. Sixty-six students served as subjects. Measurements of serial reaction time, variance in speed of performance, blockings, corrections, errors, omissions and repetitions were made on simple color naming (experimentally non-stress), competitive color naming (stressor, incongruent stimuli) and high-speed color naming (stressor, controlled high-speed). The results showed that stressors of different kinds induced common changes and the indices of stress implied magnified features of personal types of performance. These findings were discussed in terms of Selye's theory of stress.

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