Histiocytic Sarcoma of the Spleen—A Case Report—

Abstract

A 74-year-old woman with a 1-month history of fatigability was referred to our hospital after diagnostic imaging revealed splenomegaly and splenic tumors. Her laboratory data showed thrombocytopenia. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed splenomegaly and multiple splenic tumors ; however, definitive diagnosis could not be established. We performed splenectomy to definitively diagnose and treat her condition. Histopathological findings showed diffuse proliferation of large atypical cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large pleomorphic nuclei. Immunohistochemical examination showed cells that stained positive for CD68 and CD163 and negative for CD1a, langerin, and CD34. Therefore, we diagnosed this patient with histiocytic sarcoma of the spleen. Her platelet count promptly increased postoperatively ; however, thrombocytopenia recurred 23 days after surgery. Unfortunately, the focus of recurrence could not be detected by further examination. Her general condition worsened, and she was treated palliatively. The patient died 4 months postoperatively.