Endometrial smear in an elderly female with an indication of estrogen production functionality

Abstract

In obese post-menopausal females, relatively high estrogen conditions are present because of androstenedione transformation into estrones which are subsequently converted to estradiol. In addition, free-type estrogen increases due to a reduction in the serum level of sex hormone binding globulin. These condition accelerate continuous endometrial proliferation, thereby creating an environment prone to endometrial cancer. Epithelial ovarian cancer, in contrast, is known to show a high serum estrogen level and to have an estrogen-producing region within the tumor which functionally affects the cancer.
In any event, in post-menopausal females with little cinogenesis of endometrial cancer and the functional properties of epithelial ovarian cancer.
The author observed an elderly female case with hypersecretion of cervical mucus that confirmed the existence of a continuous estrogenic effect. Through endmetrial smears, a grandual tendency toward malignancy was noted in cytological findings. In this particular case, the serum estrone and estradiol levels were both low despite cervical mucus secretion being very active. A high index of suscpicion must be maintained for endometrial and ovarian cancers in post-menopausal females whenever high estrogen conditions are noted.