2026 Volume 6 Pages 19-27
Obesity disease is defined as a condition in which obesity is accompanied by, or is likely to cause, obesity-related health impairments and for which weight reduction is medically indicated. The mainstay of treatment consists of dietary therapy, exercise therapy, and behavioral therapy, with pharmacotherapy considered when these interventions are insufficient. GLP-1 receptor agonists and GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists are used to treat type 2 diabetes; however, their inappropriate use for cosmetic or weight-loss purposes has become a social concern. In recent years, some agents in these classes have also been approved for the treatment of obesity disease and have demonstrated substantial weight loss and improvement in obesity-related health impairments. In Japan, these anti-obesity agents should be used appropriately in accordance with the guidelines for optimal use. Their efficacy in treating eating disorders has not been established, and careful attention should be paid to eating behavior and psychological status during treatment. Multidisciplinary care, including collaboration with psychosomatic medicine or psychiatry and involvement of psychologists, registered dietitians, and other healthcare professionals, is important in the treatment of obesity disease.
