A study on the Optimum Time for Learning of the Running High Jump (Scissors Jump) for Elementary School Children

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to clarify the optimum timc for learning of the running high jump.
Subjects were 302 children (boys: 153, girls: 149) from the 4th to the 6th grades of elementary school. They had taken 13 lesson units using two methods. One was reverse order of move ment process of running high jump, the other was order of movement process.
No significant differences were found for the effect on high jump performance (Height) between grades.
However, in the higher grades, the effeet of learning was smaller when evaluated in the clearance skill, but, greater when evaluated in take-off skill. The percent contribution of clearance and take-off skills to increment of performance with practice, was 91.8% and 8.2% for the 4th grade, 66.7% and 33.2% for the 5th grade and 39.3% and 60.7% for the 6th grade, respectively.
High jump skill index [HJS=(record-1/2 height)/vertical jump×100] showed the 4th grade; 73.1±20.3 point, the 5th grade; 74.2±17.5 point and the 6th grade; 76.5±15.3 point, respectively, after curses.
The 4th grade did not improve the image of the running high jump throughout the courses, that is, the learning effect of the 6th grade in the cognitive domain was much better than that of the 4th and the 5th grades.
The present results suggested that the learning of the technique for clearance appeared possible for the 4th grade children, and that the optimum time for learning of the technique for take-off in the running high jump was when children were in the 6th grade in elementary school.