A STUDY ON THE DEMONSTRATION OF SPORT SKILLS TO BEGINNERS

the effectiveness of the demonstration at slow speed

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effectiveness of the demonstration at slow speed, by comparing with normal speed in front kick of karate to beginners.
The front kicks performed by a beginner, an intermediate player and an advanced player were filmed with a 8mm cine camera. The film was used as a demonstration film. Subjects were thirty students of the Karate Intensive course and had no experience of karate before the course. They watched the film of the models of different skill levels projected 24 frames/sec (normal speed) and at 8 frames/sec (slow speed), and were asked to describe the differences between two of three skill levels. The survey was performed by a questionnaire at the last day of the course. The number and the content of the description were examined on each projection speed.
The results were summerized as follows:
1. The numbers of description and the viewpoint of observation in the demonstration at slow speed were grater than those at normal speed. From this result, the demonstration at slow speed may be effective in the observation of the movement of karate.
2. The demonstration at slow speed helped beginners to observe preparatory movement phase and dynamic factor of movement, and improved their observation of spatial factor of movement.
3. It was difficult in the demonstration at slow speed for beginners to observe the temporal differences because temporal factors of the movement were diminished.
4. There was no difference in effectiveness to observe the principal and final movement phases between the demonstrations at slow speed and at normal speed.