Numerical simulation of seepage in a forested hillslope by finite element method

Abstract

In order to examine the effect of forest on runoff process in a hillslope, numerical simulation of seepage was carried out under several conditions associated with canopy interception and evapotranspiration. As a result the following has been suggested; 1) Discharge recesses more quickly in case of a forested slope than in case of a bare slope because of different sensitivity to evaporation suppression. 2) Water uptake by tree roots causes larger moisture deficit than soil evaporation and it moderates the response of storm hydrographs as an antecedent moisture condition. 3) Canopy interception decreases amount and intensity of net rainfall and it causes reduction of peak flow and delay of peak time of stormflow.