Effects of Passion on Smartphone Dependence, Mental Health, and Insomnia Tendency

Abstract

In this study, a questionnaire was administered to university students to examine the effects of harmonious passion (HP) and obsessive passion (OP) on smartphone dependence, mental health, and insomnia tendency. The results showed that HP negatively affected smartphone dependence and insomnia tendency and positively affected mental health. In contrast, OP positively affected smartphone dependence and insomnia tendency and negatively affected mental health. These results indicated the possibility of providing effective psychoeducational support services that distinguish between appropriate and problematic smartphone use.