2026 Volume 62 Issue 2 Pages 162-167
Kawasaki disease presents with a variety of symptoms in addition to the main symptoms, and some cases develop cholestasis; however, cases with common bile duct dilatation are rare. We report a case of Kawasaki disease with marked common bile duct dilatation exceeding 50 mm in diameter during the acute phase, in which congenital biliary dilatation was initially suspected, but the condition improved rapidly. The patient was a 2-year-6-month-old boy. During treatment for Kawasaki disease, contrast-enhanced CT revealed marked common bile duct dilatation, raising suspicion that a pre-existing congenital biliary dilatation had been exacerbated by Kawasaki disease, and curative surgery was considered. However, the common bile duct dilatation rapidly improved following completion of treatment for Kawasaki disease. During six years of follow-up, no re-dilatation was observed, and MRCP revealed no evidence of pancreaticobiliary maljunction. Therefore, the condition was determined to be transient common bile duct dilatation associated with Kawasaki disease. Although accumulation of further cases is necessary, common bile duct dilatation during the course of Kawasaki disease may improve as the disease resolves, and early surgical intervention should be carefully considered.
