Abstract
Case. A 62-year-old man, who had received surgery for bilateral metastatic lung tumors 7 months previously, was hospitalized for chest pain. He was in a state of shock in the ambulance. A ruptured mediastinal aneurysm was diagnosed by chest computed tomography (CT) and bronchial arteriography. Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) was performed, and 7 days later, the amount of blood in his mediastinum had enlarged. We diagnosed rebleeding from a bronchial artery aneurysm and performed surgery. The postoperative course was uneventful, and he was discharged on the 18th postoperative day. Conclusion. A ruptured mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm is rare, and patients given this diagnosis who are in a state of shock should be carefully observed, even if the bleeding from the aneurysm is temporarily stopped by BAE, because of the possibility of rebleeding.
