受身凝集法を利用した新赤血球抗体同定法

抄録

A new method was developed to identify antibodies bound to red cell antigens using a small volume of sensitized red cells. Red cell (50μl) sensitized with Rh-Hr antibodies were reacted with panel cells (50μl) in test tube under various conditions. After centrifugation, agglutination did not occur with saline, albumin or low ionic strength solution, but did occur with antiglobulin and an enzyme method. However, the agglutination specificity for sensitized cells was observed with the two-stage enzyme method but not with antiglobulin or the one-stage enzyme method. The same results were obtained using umbilical cord cells collected from Rho incompatible pregnant women. The optimum conditions of the reaction between sensitized red cells and panel cells in the two-stage enzyme method were: an incubation time of 15min, centrifugation for 30sec at 1000rpm, and 1.5% sensitized red cells. Compared to the ether elution method, the sensitivity of detecting antibodies with this new method was twice that for anti-D, about 70 times that for anti-E and similar to that for anti-C. These results indicate that the new method is very useful for identifying antibodies bound to red cells when blood sampling from patients is very difficult and the sampling volume is small.