Abstract
Concerning the indications for intraarterial transfusion for hemorrhagic shock conflicting results have been obtained by many investigators. In this study, attempts were made to compare the effectiveness of intraarterial and intravenous transfusions under the same conditions, using blood pressure, circulating blood volumes in jugular and femoral arteries, total circulating blood volume, cardiac output, cerebral circulation, blood oxygen content and respiration as indicators. Reduction in blood volume necessary for inducing hemorrhagic shock was also investigated. The results were as follows:
1) Shock was induced by acute bleeding of 30cc/kg for 6 minutes.
2) In the case of retrograde intraarterial transfusion using peripheral arteries some of the transfused blood went back into the arteries, but it reentered the venous system through the capillaries and returned to the right atrium. No difference was observed between intraarterial and intravenous transfusions in regard to the behavior and effectiveness of the transfused blood.
3) In the case of transfusion into the jugular artery improvement of the cerebral circulation was observed, probably owing to its location, but the effect was only transient. When other arteries were used the effects were almost the same as those obtained when the corresponding veins were used.
4) The above mentioned advantages of intraarterial transfusion were especially evident when the upper portion of aorta was used. In this case, not only was the cerebral circulation improved but also blood circulation and anoxia at the time of shock were improved because the principal organs were infused directly by circulating blood.
