Abstract
In four cases of Japanese cows with urethral calculosis, their S-shaped curvature proximal parts around the phallus were slowly laid open under sedation, and parts of the urethral calculus were taken. About 4-5 mm sized calculuses were crushed on the albuginea by an injection needle (18G) and a woodworking hand drill. This allowed all substances to flow freely through the urethra. 3 of the 4 cases showed recovery, but the other relapsed and fell into disuse.
