If Translation Apps Had Been Used Back Then, What Would Have Become of the Pronunciation Training for Self-monitoring?

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine how past pronunciation training for self-monitoring would have been different if currently available translation apps had been used, and to consider their effectiveness. The results showed that conducting the activity solely in Japanese led to misunderstandings between the teacher and learners and by using a translation app, learners can: a) state their own criteria even with limited Japanese proficiency, b) easily share their criteria with other learners, c) review their criteria after the activity on platforms like Padlet, d) express their own criteria in coherent sentences rather than fragmented phrases.