Prevalence of genitourinary syndrome of menopause in Japanese women based on symptoms and vulval findings

抄録

Background:Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) is a chronic condition in postmenopausal women characterized by vulvovaginal and urinary symptoms due to estrogen deficiency. Purpose:We aimed to investigate the prevalence of GSM in Japanese women based on symptoms and vulvar findings. Methods:We enrolled 71 women aged 50–75 years who visited the gynecology outpatient clinics of Tokushima University Hospital and Tsurugi Municipal Handa Hospital in 2023. GSM symptoms were assessed using the Vulvovaginal Symptoms Questionnaire and Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score. Gynecologists evaluated the vulvar findings and measured vaginal pH. GSM was diagnosed when symptoms and objective findings were present. Results:Among the 62 postmenopausal women, 17 met the symptom and objective criteria for GSM. The prevalence was 35%, 36.4%, and 10% among those in their 50s, 60s, and 70s, respectively. GSM prevalence was significantly higher in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women and in sexually active women than in inactive women. Conclusion:Among postmenopausal Japanese women, GSM prevalence was lower than that reported internationally;however, it was higher in sexually active women and increased with time since menopause. Early diagnosis and management are essential to preserve the quality of life of women. J. Med. Invest. 73 : 229-233, February, 2026