Coupled convection and diffusion processes observed in melting of pairs of glass beads in an inductive heating furnace

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In order to observe the relative diffusivity of Si⁴⁺, Al³⁺, Fe³⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Na⁺ and K⁺ between glass beads of JG-3 and SiO₂, fusion of two glass beads was performed in an automated (high-frequency) inductive heating furnace. In addition to the above experiments, fusion of two glass beads of shoshonite and SiO₂ was performed to observe the influence of compositions of glass on the form of convection cell. The observed order of diffusivity was Na⁺>K⁺>>Ca²⁺>Mg²⁺>Fe³⁺>Si⁴⁺, Al³⁺ under 1 atm, and 1200°C. The results are consistent with those reported by several earlier investigators under different conditions. The analytical method was applied in order to allow the observation of the change in shape of the convection cell. The present experiment illustrates the important roles of both convective stretching and chemical diffusion in the hybridization process of two liquids.