Conceptual Framework of Nudge Approach for Disaster Risk Reduction: “Nudge or Judge?” That is the Question

Abstract

This study proposes the productive application of the “nudge” concept to the field of disaster risk reduction and evacuation. Nudge, the concept proposed by Thaler and Sunstein, is the indirect induction to influence behavior using the choice architecture. The nudge is conceptualized as two binary opposition axes that locate the “rational human model/heuristic human model” on the vertical axis and “freedom of choice/restriction of choice” on the horizontal axis. The upper part of the conceptual diagram is the “judge” domain based on the actor’s rational choice and the lower part is the nudge domain, based on the actor’s heuristic choice. The conceptual diagram and criticism in using the nudge identified that consensus building between the interferer and the interfered person and mutual use of “nudge” and “judge” is the key to effectively utilize the nudge.