Association of Urinary Biomarkers with Kidney Function Decline in Hypertensive Patients

Abstract

　With the coming of super-aging society, there are growing number of patients with hypertension and its complicating disease. Hypertension causes cardioand cerebrovascular disease as well as kidney disease. The symptoms of CKD are usually not apparent in the early stages, so most CKD patients are unaware of their condition. Early detection and appropriate intervention during the initial stages of CKD are necessary for the prevention of a further increase in the number of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Previously, we reported that urinary vanin-1 was associated with kidney injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats. In this review, will highlight the current knowledge on renal biomarkers including urinary vanin-1.