13世紀アナトリアに於けるババイ運動とその帰結

抄録

As a famous Islamic scholar, Claude Cahen pointed out already, Babái was the big religious and social movement which disturbed the “Oguz Türkmen” nomads in Anatolia a few years before Mongol Invasion, and which seems to have been of great importance in the general history of the social and cultural development of the Turkish people.
This movement had been related deeply with the whole history of the Rum Seljuk Sultanate influenced by Iranian culture and based on Sunni Moslem population of towns in Asia Minor.
At that time the “Oguz Türkmen” nomads in rural areas or frontiers had remained still more faithful the Central Eurasian shamanistic custom. They sought for the religious faith through a mystical approach to Islam.
Thus, the antagonism between “Oguz Türkmen” and the Sultanregime, especially the centural administrative authorities was increasingly sharpened.
Babài movement was, undoubtedly, the struggle carried on under the leadership of the “Eeyh” in the mystical moslem Order against the Seljuks. In Anatolia before the Ottoman period, the important meaning of Babái was recognized for a long time.
This article discusses mainly about the dynamic power originated in so-called “Türk Siîligi” or “Türkmen Aleviligi” under the strong influence of the “Tarika (or Tarikat)” and tries to contribute to a solution of the political change followed this large scale rebellion, namely the establishment of “Karaman Beyligi” in Tauros mountain ranges of Southern Anatolia.