中国新出ソグド人葬具に見られる鳥翼冠と三面三日月冠

エフタルの中央アジア支配の影響

抄録

Recently, the influence of the Hephthalite occupation of the Central Asia from the second half of the fifth century to the first half of the sixth century has been demonstrated through the examination of archaeological, philological and iconographical material from this region. J. Ya. Il'yasov's examination of iconographical material sees a political and cultural unification of Central Asia by the Hephthalites as being behind the diffusion in the region of identical costumes, such as the winged crown and the triple-crescent crown. His observations are significant because he refuses to regard it as the direct influence of the Sasanian empire to the east.
The figures on reliefs on the Sogdian couches and sarcophagi from China provide us with a source for research about the Hephthalites, as they represent Sogdians who were active in the period when the Hephthalites occupied Central Asia. In fact, we find both Hephthalite and Sogdian figures with the winged crown or the triple-crescent crown. Using new evidence provided by these funerary monuments, I attempt to advance Il'yasov's research and posit that the Sogdians in China of the sixth century also had close contact with the Hephthalites and were influenced by them. I also discuss the diffusion of the two types of crown in Chinese Buddhist art of about the sixth century.