ニジプトにおける Community Development 事業について

抄録

There has been a number of variations of opinion about the concept of community development in accordance with its scope and its discipline, as is shown, for instance, by the report of the Endicott House Conference on Community Development and National Change held by MIT in 1957: it refers sometimes to nation or village in its scope, and sometimes to human motivation or income-production in its discipline. In Egypt, the broader concept used by the United Nations is applied, thus including all the procedures concerning the development of rural society. Among them, the agricultural cooperative system will be taken as a main resort for establishing a new pattern of an agricultural sector fitted to Arab socialism. It aims at: (1) the penetration of the governmental leadership into the village community or bringing up of local leadership within a village community and (2) the co-operativization of the small producer's farm business or reorganization of the small producer's producing power. But there seems not to have appeared so much material development as mental and motivational change in rural Egypt. It may seem profitable to consider the following theses: (1) Is not there too much unproductive investment for community development? (2) Why is not there any active intention to construct a theoretization of Islam in a changing society? and (3) Is not the idea of community development too much influenced by Western ideas or techniques? We may expect to find the answer in the actual course of future development.