In Gathica 1. xšmavato, the present writer has come to the conclusion that xšmavato should be taken as nom., voc. or acc. P1. of xšmavat- “Your Highness”, and not as abl. -gen. sg. of xšmavat- “resembling you, your-like, your adherent” (adj.) as is generally accepted. See my paradigm (p. 5.) of all the pronominal stems suffixed with -vant-. —In Gathica 2. aka, rejecting all of the interpretations proposed thus far, the present writer has pointed out the fact that the Gathic aka has retained its primordial meaning “to show, make clear”, so that it may be regarded as an infinitive (abl. -gen. sg. of aka-) “in order to show, for showing”. It is only in yAv. that what is meant by aka came near to what is meant by Pahl. akas “clear, evident”. —In Gathica 3. manaroiš, the writer has derived manari-from mru-/mrav- (Skt. bru-) “to speak” (mru->[after the pattern of 3dar->dadari-] mamravi->[with the metathesis of ra>ar prior to aui>aoi] mamarvi->[with the assimilation of v to i in vi>yi]mamaryi->mamari->[with the dissimilation of m>n]manari-). The hapax manaroiš (Y. 4810 a) would then mean “away or separating from crying”.
The translation of several passages should suffice as examples showing my interpretation.
Y. 441, bc: “By-virtue-of-(my)veneration—such-as the veneration (in general should be)—, o Your-Highness (xšmavato), o Mazda-, may Thy-Highness (θwavas) tell to (Thy) friend, i. e. to myhumble-self (mavaite)!”
Y. 5113 bc: “(the dregvant) whose soul shall become angry at (him) at the Cinvat Bridge, in order to show (aka) (thus): ‘With the deed of (thy) own as well as of (thy) tongue thouhast-gone-astray from the way of justice’.”
Y. 502 cd: “Those-living-rightly with justice among the many keeping off the sun —in order to show them (akasteng i. e. akas teng) mayest Thou make me arrive at the gifts of givers!”
Y. 4810 a: “When, o Mazda, shall the warriors attend-the-sacrifice, separating-from-(their) crying (manaroiš)?” that is, “The warriors are now adhering to the old cult in which cry is raised to kill the ox. When shall they separate from such a religious custom in order to attend our newly established cult?”
