1992 Volume 41 Issue 10 Pages 1061-1066
Several surfactants were derived from highly branched carboxylic acids, prepared by the carbonylation of isobutylene oligomers. Surface and forming properties, and wetting ability toward a felt chip were examined. Ionic surfactants such as sodium sulfonate, sodium sulfates, quaternary ammonium salts, and the betaine derivative showed good ability for lowering surface tension and excellent wetting ability. Micelle forming properties were relatively poor compared to the corresponding linear analogs. To characterize the highly branched structure of hydrophobic group in surfactants several connecting groups between the hydrophilic group and the highly branched moiety were investigated for series of sodium sulfate derivatives. Micelle forming properties improved by increase in the hydrophobicity of the connecting chains without decrease in water solubility. The esters of carboxylic acid and the poly (ethylene glycol), a nonionic surfactant, could be easily prepared and were found to have the qualities mentioned above due to their highly branched structures.
