Abstract
Syntheses and solution properties of novel fluorinated surfactants with branched tail, especially on anionic surfactants having two polyfluoroalkyl chains and on anionic surfactants having different hydrophobic chains (hybrid surfactants), are reviewed.
For example, when the fluorocarbon chain length in the surfactants possessing two polyfluoroalkyl chains increased, the Krafft points and the area of surfactant molecule at the air-water interface increased, the critical micelle concentration decreased, but the degrees of ionic dissociation of micelle were almost the same. Moreover, the flocculation and redispersion abilities of these surfactants for dispersed magnetic particles in water were enhanced by an increase in the chain length.
The hybrid surfactants were found to have the ability to considerably lower surface tension, and they can emulsify a ternary-component system of hydrocarbon/water/perfluoropolyether oil. Furthermore, some of the hybrid surfactants shows anomalous solution properties and viscoelasticity due to the micellar structure changes with increasing its concentration.
